starting on page 363 in BSCN: bbr2#sh run hostname bbr2 interface Loopback102 ip address 172.16.12.100 255.255.255.0 ! interface Loopback103 ip address 172.16.13.100 255.255.255.0 ! interface FastEthernet0/0 description Connection To bb_r3 ip address 10.0.0.129 255.255.255.128 ! interface Serial1/0 ip address 10.5.5.100 255.255.255.0 ! interface Serial1/1 ip address 10.6.6.100 255.255.255.0 ! interface Serial1/2 ip address 10.7.7.100 255.255.255.0 ! interface Serial1/3 ip address 10.8.8.100 255.255.255.0 ! interface FastEthernet2/0 description Connection To bb_r1 ip address 10.0.0.2 255.255.255.128 ! router bgp 65200 no synchronization network 10.0.0.0 network 172.16.12.0 mask 255.255.255.0 network 172.16.13.0 mask 255.255.255.0 neighbor 10.5.5.5 remote-as 65105 neighbor 10.6.6.6 remote-as 65106 neighbor 10.7.7.7 remote-as 65107 neighbor 10.8.8.8 remote-as 65108 ______________________________________ router bgp 65200 65200 refers to the autonomous system that this router is in lets come back to the "no synchronization" command "network" statements refer to which networks bgp is going to announce; "router bgp" tells the router what protocol it is going to use to talk; the "network" statement tells us what the router is going to talk about. the "neighbor" statements tell the router who it is going to talk to. notice that the loopback networks have to be announced as well. the "neighbor" statements include the Autonomous System number of the neighbor. If it is the same number as the "router bgp" statement, then the neighbor is an iBGP neighbor. It the AS number is different, then the neighbor is an eBGP neighbor. ____________________________________ Here is the base configuration for p7r1: hostname p7r1 interface Serial0/0 ip address 192.168.7.17 255.255.255.240 no shut ! interface Serial0/1 ip address 192.168.7.33 255.255.255.240 no shut ! interface Serial0/2 ip address 192.168.7.49 255.255.255.240 no shutdown ! interface Serial0/3 description currently a DTE interface ip address 10.7.7.7 255.255.255.0 no shutdown _____________________________________ Here is the diagram for p7r1: http://www.cs.rpi.edu/courses/fall01/cisco/pods/pod7_SuperLab_CCNA.ppt ____________________________________ "debug ip bgp 10.7.7.100 updates" ___________________________________ Now we add the following commands: conf t router bgp 65107 network 192.168.7.0 neighbor 10.7.7.100 remote-as 65200 network 192.168.7.0 notice that this is announcing the entire "7" network neighbor 10.7.7.100 remote-as 65200 we use the Autonomous System # of the neighbor ____________________________________ debug output: 2d04h: %BGP-5-ADJCHANGE: neighbor 10.7.7.100 Up p7r1# 2d04h: BGP(0): 10.7.7.100 computing updates, afi 0, neighbor version 0, table version 2, starting at 0.0.0.0 2d04h: BGP(0): 10.7.7.100 send UPDATE (format) 192.168.7.0/24, next 10.7.7.7, metric 0, path 2d04h: BGP(0): 10.7.7.100 1 updates enqueued (average=52, maximum=52) 2d04h: BGP(0): 10.7.7.100 update run completed, afi 0, ran for 0ms, neighbor version 0, start version 2, throttled to 2 2d04h: BGP(0): 10.7.7.100 rcvd UPDATE w/ attr: nexthop 10.7.7.100, origin i, metric 0, path 65200 2d04h: BGP(0): 10.7.7.100 rcvd 10.0.0.0/8 2d04h: BGP(0): 10.7.7.100 rcvd 172.16.12.0/24 2d04h: BGP(0): 10.7.7.100 rcvd 172.16.13.0/24 p7r1# 2d04h: BGP(0): 10.7.7.100 computing updates, afi 0, neighbor version 2, table version 5, starting at 0.0.0.0 2d04h: BGP(0): 10.7.7.100 update run completed, afi 0, ran for 0ms, neighbor version 2, start version 5, throttled to 5 _______________________________________ p7r1#conf t Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. p7r1(config)#no router bgp 65107 then: "debug ip bgp" then: conf t router bgp 65107 network 192.168.7.0 neighbor 10.7.7.100 remote-as 65200 2d06h: BGP: 10.7.7.100 went from Idle to Active 2d06h: BGP: 10.7.7.100 open active, delay 27584ms p7r1# 2d06h: BGP: 10.7.7.100 passive open 2d06h: BGP: 10.7.7.100 went from Active to Idle 2d06h: BGP: 10.7.7.100 went from Idle to Connect 2d06h: BGP: 10.7.7.100 rcv message type 1, length (excl. header) 26 2d06h: BGP: 10.7.7.100 rcv OPEN, version 4 2d06h: BGP: 10.7.7.100 went from Connect to OpenSent 2d06h: BGP: 10.7.7.100 sending OPEN, version 4, my as: 65107 2d06h: BGP: 10.7.7.100 rcv OPEN w/ OPTION parameter len: 16 2d06h: BGP: 10.7.7.100 rcvd OPEN w/ optional parameter type 2 (Capability) len 6 2d06h: BGP: 10.7.7.100 OPEN has CAPABILITY code: 1, length 4 2d06h: BGP: 10.7.7.100 OPEN has MP_EXT CAP for afi/safi: 1/1 p7r1# 2d06h: BGP: 10.7.7.100 rcvd OPEN w/ optional parameter type 2 (Capability) len 2 2d06h: BGP: 10.7.7.100 OPEN has CAPABILITY code: 128, length 0 2d06h: BGP: 10.7.7.100 rcvd OPEN w/ optional parameter type 2 (Capability) len 2 2d06h: BGP: 10.7.7.100 OPEN has CAPABILITY code: 2, length 0 2d06h: BGP: 10.7.7.100 unrecognized capability code: 2 - ingored 2d06h: BGP: 10.7.7.100 went from OpenSent to OpenConfirm 2d06h: BGP: 10.7.7.100 send message type 1, length (incl. header) 41 2d06h: BGP: 10.7.7.100 send message type 4, length (incl. header) 19 2d06h: BGP: 10.7.7.100 rcv message type 4, length (excl. header) 0 2d06h: BGP: 10.7.7.100 went from OpenConfirm to Established 2d06h: %BGP-5-ADJCHANGE: neighbor 10.7.7.100 Up 2d06h: BGP(0): 10.7.7.100 computing updates, afi 0, neighbor version 0, table version 1, starting at 0.0.0.0 2d06h: BGP(0): 10.7.7.100 update run completed, afi 0, ran for 0ms, neighbor version 0, start version 1, throttled to 1 2d06h: BGP: 10.7.7.100 send message type 4, length (incl. header) 19 2d06h: BGP(0): 10.7.7.100 rcvd UPDATE w/ attr: nexthop 10.7.7.100, origin i, metric 0, path 65200 2d06h: BGP(0): 10.7.7.100 rcvd 10.0.0.0/8 2d06h: BGP(0): 10.7.7.100 rcvd 172.16.12.0/24 2d06h: BGP(0): 10.7.7.100 rcvd 172.16.13.0/24 2d06h: BGP(0): Revise route installing 10.0.0.0/8 -> 10.7.7.100 to main IP table 2d06h: BGP(0): Revise route installing 172.16.12.0/24 -> 10.7.7.100 to main IP table 2d06h: BGP(0): Revise route installing 172.16.13.0/24 -> 10.7.7.100 to main IP table 2d06h: BGP: 10.7.7.100 rcv message type 4, length (excl. header) 0 2d06h: BGP: 10.7.7.100 rcv message type 4, length (excl. header) 0 p7r1# 2d06h: BGP: Applying map to find origin for 192.168.7.0/28 2d06h: BGP(0): nettable_walker 192.168.7.0/24 route sourced locally p7r1# 2d06h: BGP(0): 10.7.7.100 computing updates, afi 0, neighbor version 1, table version 5, starting at 0.0.0.0 2d06h: BGP(0): 10.7.7.100 send UPDATE (format) 192.168.7.0/24, next 10.7.7.7, metric 0, path 2d06h: BGP(0): 10.7.7.100 1 updates enqueued (average=52, maximum=52) 2d06h: BGP(0): 10.7.7.100 update run completed, afi 0, ran for 0ms, neighbor version 1, start version 5, throttled to 5 p7r1# 2d06h: BGP: 10.7.7.100 send message type 4, length (incl. header) 19 2d06h: BGP: 10.7.7.100 rcv message type 4, length (excl. header) 0 p7r1# 2d06h: BGP: Applying map to find origin for 192.168.7.0/28 p7r1# p7r1#sh ip route Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area * - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR P - periodic downloaded static route Gateway of last resort is not set 172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 2 subnets B 172.16.12.0 [20/0] via 10.7.7.100, 00:20:26 B 172.16.13.0 [20/0] via 10.7.7.100, 00:20:26 10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks B 10.0.0.0/8 [20/0] via 10.7.7.100, 00:20:26 C 10.7.7.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0/3 192.168.7.0/28 is subnetted, 3 subnets C 192.168.7.32 is directly connected, Serial0/1 C 192.168.7.48 is directly connected, Serial0/2 C 192.168.7.16 is directly connected, Serial0/0 p7r1#sh ip protocols Routing Protocol is "bgp 65107" Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is IGP synchronization is enabled Automatic route summarization is enabled Neighbor(s): Address FiltIn FiltOut DistIn DistOut Weight RouteMap 10.7.7.100 Routing for Networks: Routing Information Sources: Gateway Distance Last Update 10.7.7.100 20 00:20:54 Distance: external 20 internal 200 local 200 p7r1#sh ip bgp BGP table version is 5, local router ID is 192.168.7.49 Status codes: s suppressed, d damped, h history, * valid, > best, i - internal Origin codes: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete Network Next Hop Metric LocPrf Weight Path *> 10.0.0.0 10.7.7.100 0 0 65200 i *> 172.16.12.0/24 10.7.7.100 0 0 65200 i *> 172.16.13.0/24 10.7.7.100 0 0 65200 i *> 192.168.7.0 0.0.0.0 0 32768 i p7r1#sh ip bgp summary BGP router identifier 192.168.7.49, local AS number 65107 BGP table version is 5, main routing table version 5 4 network entries and 4 paths using 532 bytes of memory 2 BGP path attribute entries using 104 bytes of memory 1 BGP AS-PATH entries using 24 bytes of memory 0 BGP route-map cache entries using 0 bytes of memory 0 BGP filter-list cache entries using 0 bytes of memory BGP activity 4/8 prefixes, 4/0 paths, scan interval 15 secs Neighbor V AS MsgRcvd MsgSent TblVer InQ OutQ Up/Down State/PfxRcd 10.7.7.100 4 65200 28 27 5 0 0 00:23:47 3 p7r1#sh ip bgp neighbors BGP neighbor is 10.7.7.100, remote AS 65200, external link BGP version 4, remote router ID 172.16.13.100 BGP state = Established, up for 00:24:08 Last read 00:00:08, hold time is 180, keepalive interval is 60 seconds Neighbor capabilities: Route refresh: advertised and received Address family IPv4 Unicast: advertised and received Received 29 messages, 0 notifications, 0 in queue Sent 28 messages, 0 notifications, 0 in queue Route refresh request: received 0, sent 0 Default minimum time between advertisement runs is 30 seconds For address family: IPv4 Unicast BGP table version 5, neighbor version 5 Index 1, Offset 0, Mask 0x2 3 accepted prefixes consume 108 bytes Prefix advertised 1, suppressed 0, withdrawn 0 Connections established 1; dropped 0 Last reset never Connection state is ESTAB, I/O status: 1, unread input bytes: 0 Local host: 10.7.7.7, Local port: 11005 Foreign host: 10.7.7.100, Foreign port: 179 Enqueued packets for retransmit: 0, input: 0 mis-ordered: 0 (0 bytes) Event Timers (current time is 0xBCBB924): Timer Starts Wakeups Next Retrans 29 0 0x0 TimeWait 0 0 0x0 AckHold 28 3 0x0 SendWnd 0 0 0x0 KeepAlive 0 0 0x0 GiveUp 0 0 0x0 PmtuAger 0 0 0x0 DeadWait 0 0 0x0 iss: 4179787404 snduna: 4179787992 sndnxt: 4179787992 sndwnd: 15797 irs: 509413335 rcvnxt: 509413952 rcvwnd: 15768 delrcvwnd: 616 SRTT: 294 ms, RTTO: 346 ms, RTV: 52 ms, KRTT: 0 ms minRTT: 4 ms, maxRTT: 300 ms, ACK hold: 200 ms Flags: higher precedence, nagle Datagrams (max data segment is 1460 bytes): Rcvd: 53 (out of order: 0), with data: 28, total data bytes: 616 Sent: 33 (retransmit: 0), with data: 28, total data bytes: 587 _____________________________________________ Under the command "sh ip bgp summary" there is a field, "State/PfxRcd" which currently reads "3" What does this field mean? Let's go in the backbone and add another network using a loopback interface: conf t interface Loopback104 ip address 172.16.14.100 255.255.255.0 router bgp 65200 network 172.16.14.0 mask 255.255.255.0 back in router p7r1 p7r1#sh ip bgp BGP table version is 12, local router ID is 192.168.7.49 Status codes: s suppressed, d damped, h history, * valid, > best, i - internal Origin codes: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete Network Next Hop Metric LocPrf Weight Path *> 10.0.0.0 10.7.7.100 0 0 65200 i *> 172.16.12.0/24 10.7.7.100 0 0 65200 i *> 172.16.13.0/24 10.7.7.100 0 0 65200 i *> 172.16.14.0/24 10.7.7.100 0 0 65200 i *> 192.168.7.0 0.0.0.0 0 32768 i When we do "show ip bgp summary" we see that there are now 4 prefixes: p7r1#sh ip bgp sum BGP router identifier 192.168.7.49, local AS number 65107 BGP table version is 12, main routing table version 12 5 network entries and 5 paths using 665 bytes of memory 2 BGP path attribute entries using 104 bytes of memory 1 BGP AS-PATH entries using 24 bytes of memory 0 BGP route-map cache entries using 0 bytes of memory 0 BGP filter-list cache entries using 0 bytes of memory BGP activity 5/50 prefixes, 8/3 paths, scan interval 15 secs Neighbor V AS MsgRcvd MsgSent TblVer InQ OutQ Up/Down State/PfxRcd 10.7.7.100 4 65200 60 57 12 0 0 00:18:32 4 ________________________________________________________________ p. 366 BSCN Enabling Full-Mesh IBGP Within Your Pod (AS) p7r1#deb ip bgp p7r1 conf t router bgp 65107 neighbor 192.168.7.18 remote-as 65107 neighbor 192.168.7.34 remote-as 65107 neighbor 192.168.7.50 remote-as 65107 p7r1#conf t Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. p7r1(config)#router bgp 65107 p7r1(config-router)#neighbor 192.168.7.18 remote-as 65107 p7r1(config-router)#neighbor 192.168.7.34 remote-as 65107 p7r1(config-router)#neighbor 192.168.7.50 remote-as 65107 p7r1(config-router)# 2d07h: BGP: 192.168.7.18 went from Idle to Active 2d07h: BGP: 192.168.7.34 went from Idle to Active 2d07h: BGP: 192.168.7.18 open active, delay 6692ms 2d07h: BGP: 192.168.7.34 open active, delay 5820ms p7r1(config-router)# 2d07h: BGP: 192.168.7.50 went from Idle to Active 2d07h: BGP: 192.168.7.50 open active, delay 5908ms p7r1(config-router)# 2d07h: BGP: 192.168.7.34 open active, local address 192.168.7.33 2d07h: BGP: 192.168.7.34 open failed: Connection refused by remote host 2d07h: BGP: 192.168.7.18 open active, local address 192.168.7.17 2d07h: BGP: 192.168.7.18 open failed: Connection refused by remote host p7r1(config-router)# 2d07h: BGP: 192.168.7.50 open active, local address 192.168.7.49 2d07h: BGP: 192.168.7.50 open failed: Connection refused by remote host p7r1(config-router)# 2d07h: BGP: 10.7.7.100 send message type 4, length (incl. header) 19 2d07h: BGP: 10.7.7.100 rcv message type 4, length (excl. header) 0 2d07h: BGP: Applying map to find origin for 192.168.7.0/28 p7r1(config-router)# 2d07h: BGP: 10.7.7.100 send message type 4, length (incl. header) 19 2d07h: BGP: 10.7.7.100 rcv message type 4, length (excl. header) 0 2d07h: BGP: Applying map to find origin for 192.168.7.0/28 p7r1(config-router)# 2d07h: BGP: 192.168.7.34 open active, local address 192.168.7.33 2d07h: BGP: 192.168.7.34 open failed: Connection refused by remote host 2d07h: BGP: 192.168.7.18 open active, local address 192.168.7.17 2d07h: BGP: 192.168.7.18 open failed: Connection refused by remote host p7r1(config-router)# 2d07h: BGP: 192.168.7.50 open active, local address 192.168.7.49 2d07h: BGP: 192.168.7.50 open failed: Connection refused by remote host p7r2 deb ip bgp conf t router bgp 65107 neighbor 192.168.7.17 remote-as 65107 neighbor 192.168.7.33 remote-as 65107 neighbor 192.168.7.66 remote-as 65107 p7r2#conf t Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. p7r2(config)#router bgp 65107 p7r2(config-router)#neighbor 192.168.7.17 remote-as 65107 p7r2(config-router)#neighbor 192.168.7.33 remote-as 65107 p7r2(config-router)#neighbor 192.168.7.66 remote-as 65107 p7r2(config-router)# 2d08h: BGP: 192.168.7.17 open active, delay 6636ms 2d08h: BGP: 192.168.7.33 open active, delay 7312ms p7r2(config-router)# 2d08h: BGP: 192.168.7.66 open active, delay 6424ms p7r2(config-router)# 2d08h: BGP: 192.168.7.17 open active, local address 192.168.7.18 2d08h: BGP: 192.168.7.17 sending OPEN, version 4 2d08h: BGP: 192.168.7.17 OPEN rcvd, version 4 2d08h: BGP: 192.168.7.17 unrecognized OPEN parameter (0x2/0x6) 2d08h: BGP: 192.168.7.17 unrecognized OPEN parameter (0x2/0x2) 2d08h: BGP: 192.168.7.33 open active, local address 192.168.7.34 2d08h: BGP: 192.168.7.33 sending OPEN, version 4 2d08h: BGP: 192.168.7.33 OPEN rcvd, version 4 2d08h: BGP: 192.168.7.33 unrecognized OPEN parameter (0x2/0x6) 2d08h: BGP: 192.168.7.33 unrecognized OPEN parameter (0x2/0x2) p7r2(config-router)# 2d08h: BGP: 192.168.7.66 open active, local address 192.168.7.65 p7r2#sh ip bgp BGP table version is 1, local router ID is 192.168.7.82 Status codes: s suppressed, d damped, h history, * valid, > best, i - internal Origin codes: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete Network Next Hop Metric LocPrf Weight Path * i10.0.0.0 10.7.7.100 0 100 0 65200 i * i 10.7.7.100 0 100 0 65200 i * i172.16.12.0/24 10.7.7.100 0 100 0 65200 i * i 10.7.7.100 0 100 0 65200 i * i172.16.13.0/24 10.7.7.100 0 100 0 65200 i * i 10.7.7.100 0 100 0 65200 i * i172.16.14.0/24 10.7.7.100 0 100 0 65200 i * i 10.7.7.100 0 100 0 65200 i * i192.168.7.0 192.168.7.33 0 100 0 i * i 192.168.7.17 0 100 0 i p7r2#sh ip route Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, * - candidate default U - per-user static route, o - ODR Gateway of last resort is not set 192.168.7.0/28 is subnetted, 4 subnets C 192.168.7.64 is directly connected, Ethernet0 C 192.168.7.80 is directly connected, Ethernet1 C 192.168.7.32 is directly connected, Serial1 C 192.168.7.16 is directly connected, Serial0 p7r2 conf t router bgp 65107 network 192.168.7.64 mask 255.255.255.240 p7r2#sh ip bgp BGP table version is 2, local router ID is 192.168.7.82 Status codes: s suppressed, d damped, h history, * valid, > best, i - internal Origin codes: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete Network Next Hop Metric LocPrf Weight Path * i10.0.0.0 10.7.7.100 0 100 0 65200 i * i 10.7.7.100 0 100 0 65200 i * i172.16.12.0/24 10.7.7.100 0 100 0 65200 i * i 10.7.7.100 0 100 0 65200 i * i172.16.13.0/24 10.7.7.100 0 100 0 65200 i * i 10.7.7.100 0 100 0 65200 i * i172.16.14.0/24 10.7.7.100 0 100 0 65200 i * i 10.7.7.100 0 100 0 65200 i * i192.168.7.0 192.168.7.33 0 100 0 i * i 192.168.7.17 0 100 0 i *> 192.168.7.64/28 0.0.0.0 0 32768 i LOOK AT THE NEXT HOP FOR THE NETWORKS ON THE BACKBONE! p7r2#sh ip route Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, * - candidate default U - per-user static route, o - ODR Gateway of last resort is not set 192.168.7.0/28 is subnetted, 4 subnets C 192.168.7.64 is directly connected, Ethernet0 C 192.168.7.80 is directly connected, Ethernet1 C 192.168.7.32 is directly connected, Serial1 C 192.168.7.16 is directly connected, Serial0 __________________________________________________________ p7r3 debug ip bgp conf t router bgp 65107 neighbor 192.168.7.49 remote-as 65107 neighbor 192.168.7.65 remote-as 65107 network 192.168.7.64 mask 255.255.255.240 p7r3#sh ip bgp BGP table version is 20, local router ID is 192.168.7.66 Status codes: s suppressed, d damped, h history, * valid, > best, i - internal Origin codes: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete Network Next Hop Metric LocPrf Weight Path * i10.0.0.0 10.7.7.100 0 100 0 65200 i * i172.16.12.0/24 10.7.7.100 0 100 0 65200 i * i172.16.13.0/24 10.7.7.100 0 100 0 65200 i * i172.16.14.0/24 10.7.7.100 0 100 0 65200 i * i192.168.7.0 192.168.7.49 0 100 0 i *>i192.168.7.64/28 192.168.7.65 0 100 0 i p7r3#sh ip route Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, * - candidate default U - per-user static route, o - ODR Gateway of last resort is not set 192.168.7.0/28 is subnetted, 2 subnets C 192.168.7.64 is directly connected, Ethernet0 C 192.168.7.48 is directly connected, Serial0 73.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets C 73.0.0.0 is directly connected, Serial1 _______________________________________________ p7r1 conf t router bgp 65107 neighbor 192.168.7.18 next-hop-self neighbor 192.168.7.34 next-hop-self neighbor 192.168.7.50 next-hop-self end clear ip bgp * ________________________________________________ p7r2#sh ip bgp BGP table version is 2, local router ID is 192.168.7.82 Status codes: s suppressed, d damped, h history, * valid, > best, i - internal Origin codes: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete Network Next Hop Metric LocPrf Weight Path * i10.0.0.0 192.168.7.33 0 100 0 65200 i * i 192.168.7.17 0 100 0 65200 i * i172.16.12.0/24 192.168.7.33 0 100 0 65200 i * i 192.168.7.17 0 100 0 65200 i * i172.16.13.0/24 192.168.7.33 0 100 0 65200 i * i 192.168.7.17 0 100 0 65200 i * i172.16.14.0/24 192.168.7.33 0 100 0 65200 i * i 192.168.7.17 0 100 0 65200 i * i192.168.7.0 192.168.7.33 0 100 0 i * i 192.168.7.17 0 100 0 i * i192.168.7.64/28 192.168.7.66 0 100 0 i *> 0.0.0.0 0 32768 i p7r2#p 172.16.14.100 Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 172.16.14.100, timeout is 2 seconds: ..... Success rate is 0 percent (0/5) p7r2#sh ip route Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, * - candidate default U - per-user static route, o - ODR Gateway of last resort is not set 192.168.7.0/28 is subnetted, 4 subnets C 192.168.7.64 is directly connected, Ethernet0 C 192.168.7.80 is directly connected, Ethernet1 C 192.168.7.32 is directly connected, Serial1 C 192.168.7.16 is directly connected, Serial0 _____________________________________________________________________ p7r1 conf t router bgp 65107 no synchronization end clear ip bgp * p7r2 conf t router bgp 65107 no synchronization end clear ip bgp * p7r3 conf t router bgp 65107 no synchronization end clear ip bgp * ________________________________________________________________ p7r2#sh ip bgp BGP table version is 9, local router ID is 192.168.7.82 Status codes: s suppressed, d damped, h history, * valid, > best, i - internal Origin codes: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete Network Next Hop Metric LocPrf Weight Path * i10.0.0.0 192.168.7.33 0 100 0 65200 i *>i 192.168.7.17 0 100 0 65200 i * i172.16.12.0/24 192.168.7.33 0 100 0 65200 i *>i 192.168.7.17 0 100 0 65200 i * i172.16.13.0/24 192.168.7.33 0 100 0 65200 i *>i 192.168.7.17 0 100 0 65200 i * i172.16.14.0/24 192.168.7.33 0 100 0 65200 i *>i 192.168.7.17 0 100 0 65200 i * i192.168.7.0 192.168.7.33 0 100 0 i *>i 192.168.7.17 0 100 0 i *>i192.168.7.64/28 192.168.7.66 0 100 0 i p7r2#sh ip route Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, * - candidate default U - per-user static route, o - ODR Gateway of last resort is not set 172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 3 subnets B 172.16.12.0 [200/0] via 192.168.7.17, 00:00:08 B 172.16.13.0 [200/0] via 192.168.7.17, 00:00:08 B 172.16.14.0 [200/0] via 192.168.7.17, 00:00:08 B 10.0.0.0/8 [200/0] via 192.168.7.17, 00:00:08 192.168.7.0/24 is variably subnetted, 5 subnets, 2 masks C 192.168.7.64/28 is directly connected, Ethernet0 C 192.168.7.80/28 is directly connected, Ethernet1 C 192.168.7.32/28 is directly connected, Serial1 B 192.168.7.0/24 [200/0] via 192.168.7.17, 00:00:17 C 192.168.7.16/28 is directly connected, Serial0 p7r2#ping 172.16.12.100 Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 172.16.12.100, timeout is 2 seconds: !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 4/6/8 ms ___________________________________________________________________________________ bbr2#sh ip bgp BGP table version is 25, local router ID is 172.16.13.100 Status codes: s suppressed, d damped, h history, * valid, > best, i - internal Origin codes: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete Network Next Hop Metric LocPrf Weight Path *> 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 0 32768 i *> 172.16.12.0/24 0.0.0.0 0 32768 i *> 172.16.13.0/24 0.0.0.0 0 32768 i *> 172.16.14.0/24 0.0.0.0 0 32768 i *> 192.168.7.0 10.7.7.7 0 0 65107 i *> 192.168.7.64/28 10.7.7.7 0 65107 i bbr2#sh ip route Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area * - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR P - periodic downloaded static route Gateway of last resort is not set 172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 3 subnets C 172.16.12.0 is directly connected, Loopback102 C 172.16.13.0 is directly connected, Loopback103 C 172.16.14.0 is directly connected, Loopback104 10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 4 subnets, 2 masks C 10.7.7.0/24 is directly connected, Serial1/2 C 10.0.0.0/25 is directly connected, FastEthernet2/0 C 10.8.8.0/24 is directly connected, Serial1/3 C 10.0.0.128/25 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0 192.168.7.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks B 192.168.7.64/28 [20/0] via 10.7.7.7, 00:02:38 B 192.168.7.0/24 [20/0] via 10.7.7.7, 00:02:38 _________________________________________ p7r1 conf t router bgp 65107 aggregate-address 192.168.7.0 255.255.255.0 summary-only DEBUG OUTPUT: 2d09h: BGP(0): Aggregate processing for IPv4 Unicast 2d09h: BGP(0): For aggregate 192.168.7.0/24 2d09h: BGP(0): 192.168.7.0/24 subtree has an entry 192.168.7.0/24 2d09h: BGP(0): 192.168.7.0/24 subtree has another entry 192.168.7.64/28 2d09h: BGP(0): sub-prefix : 192.168.7.64/28 2d09h: BGP(0): Needs to be re-aggregated 2d09h: BGP(0): 192.168.7.0/24 subtree has an entry 192.168.7.0/24 2d09h: BGP(0): 192.168.7.0/24 subtree has another entry 192.168.7.64/28 2d09h: BGP(0): 192.168.7.0/24 aggregate has 192.168.7.64/28 more-specific 2d09h: BGP(0): 192.168.7.0/24 aggregate created, attributes updated 2d09h: BGP(0): 192.168.7.0/24 subtree has an entry 192.168.7.0/24 p7r1#sh ip bgp BGP table version is 8, local router ID is 192.168.7.49 Status codes: s suppressed, d damped, h history, * valid, > best, i - internal Origin codes: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete Network Next Hop Metric LocPrf Weight Path *> 10.0.0.0 10.7.7.100 0 0 65200 i *> 172.16.12.0/24 10.7.7.100 0 0 65200 i *> 172.16.13.0/24 10.7.7.100 0 0 65200 i *> 172.16.14.0/24 10.7.7.100 0 0 65200 i * 192.168.7.0 0.0.0.0 32768 i *> 0.0.0.0 0 32768 i s i192.168.7.64/28 192.168.7.34 0 100 0 i s i 192.168.7.18 0 100 0 i s>i 192.168.7.50 0 100 0 i NOTICE THE "s" NEXT TO THE LAST 3 ROUTES ___________________________________________________ bbr2#sh ip bgp BGP table version is 26, local router ID is 172.16.13.100 Status codes: s suppressed, d damped, h history, * valid, > best, i - internal Origin codes: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete Network Next Hop Metric LocPrf Weight Path *> 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 0 32768 i *> 172.16.12.0/24 0.0.0.0 0 32768 i *> 172.16.13.0/24 0.0.0.0 0 32768 i *> 172.16.14.0/24 0.0.0.0 0 32768 i *> 192.168.7.0 10.7.7.7 0 0 65107 i bbr2#sh ip route Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area * - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR P - periodic downloaded static route Gateway of last resort is not set 172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 3 subnets C 172.16.12.0 is directly connected, Loopback102 C 172.16.13.0 is directly connected, Loopback103 C 172.16.14.0 is directly connected, Loopback104 10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 4 subnets, 2 masks C 10.7.7.0/24 is directly connected, Serial1/2 C 10.0.0.0/25 is directly connected, FastEthernet2/0 C 10.8.8.0/24 is directly connected, Serial1/3 C 10.0.0.128/25 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0 B 192.168.7.0/24 [20/0] via 10.7.7.7, 00:07:57 bbr2#ping 192.168.7.65 Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.7.65, timeout is 2 seconds: !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 4/6/12 ms