Test #1 will be given in class on Friday, Feb 20th. The test is closed book, no notes or computers are allowed.

An IA32 Instruction reference will be distributed with the test (this includes the instructions that we have covered so far). Here is the reference: cribsheet.pdf

Topic	What to know	What to expect on the test
Integer representation	Binary representation (base 2) Hexadecimal (base 16) Unsigned integers Two's Complement Integers C programs and integer data types.	Conversion between integer representations Understand or write small C programs that deal with integers Know how to use printf!
IEEE Single Precision	Sign, Exponent & Significand Exponents are stored using bias representation Normalization Significands are represented as normalized without the leading 1	Be able to show the bits of an IEEE single precision floating point number given a decimal floating point number. Be able to discuss the issues involved with designing a binary representation for floating point numbers (the tradeoff between the number of bits used to store the exponent vs. the number of bits used to store the significand). Understand what normalization is, and why it is important in IEEE single precision representation.
Computer Arithmetic & Logic Operations	Bitwise logic operations (& / | / ~) Boolean logic operations (&& / || / !) Unsigned addition Signed addition Overflow	Be able to write and/or understand C programs using the C operators &, |, ~, &&, || and ! Understand the limitations of integer arithmetic when using a fixed size representation. Be able to write/understand C programs that do integer arithmetic operations.
Unix	Be able to spell Unix. Be able to list at least 4 Unix commands (things like "ls", "cd", "mkdir", "chmod", ...)
C Programming	printf C programming data types (char, int, etc) C logic operation usage pointers, pointers, pointers	Be able to determine what a C program prints out (know printf!). Be able to write small C programs that deal with pointers, logic operations, printf, etc.
Instruction Sets	Instruction Set Architecture (stack, accumulator, general purpose register) Machine-Level Code (program representation) C -> Assembly -> Machine Code	Be able to compare instruction set architectures and some of the tradeoffs (instruction size vs flexibility). Understand that machine code is a binary representation of instructions. Be able to design a machine code (a binary encoding), given a small set of operations. This is like the example we did in class (Machine language for Life: eat, play, study, watch TV,...). Be able to discuss (at a general level) what a compiler does, and what an assembler does.
IA32 Instructions	Registers movl instruction leal instruction Addressing Modes Arithmetic/Logic instructions Condition Codes Set instructions Compare instructions Jump instructions	Be able to decipher (explain what happens) some small assembly language program segments that include the instructions we have covered. Be able to write some assembly language given a small segment of C code. Be able to do some assembly language optimization. Given some assembly language code - write a more efficient version. Be able to create assembly language for C If statements, but don't worry about loops... The test will include a list of the instructions we have covered (you don't need to memorize names). The complete instruction reference that will be attached to the test is here: cribsheet.pdf

Test Info, What to Study

Practice Problems:

• 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.6, 2.8, 2.11, 2.13, 2.14, 2.15, 2.20, 2.21, 2.23, 2.29, 2.30, 2.31, 2.33
• 3.1, 3.3, 3.4, 3.6, 3.9, 3.10, 3.11, 3.12

Practice assembly language! Try to work out some of the Practice Problems in the text. Also look at homework problems 3.31 and 3.32.

Play with C computer arithmetic (on the computer!). Make sure you understand what happens when you add signed/unsigned values.

Make sure you know how to extract bits from any C variable!

Two's complement, Two's complement, Two's complement

Look at last semester's test: Fall 2003 Test 1 (with answers)